Contemporary approaches to the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension

Contemporary approaches to the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension

Poster

Stefka Stoyanova1, Emanuil Yordanov1, Еmil Hristov1, Iva Parvova2
1Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University “Saint Kliment Ohridski”, Sofia, Bulgaria
2Clinic of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Bulgaria

Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AH) is a chronic disease which is defined as office systolic arterial pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic arterial pressure ≥ 90 mmHg. Arterial hypertension is a socially significant cardiovascular disease which can lead to serious brain and kidney complications and also is the cause of high mortality worldwide. Aim: To analyze the contemporary approaches to the treatment of arterial hypertension. Methods and materials: It is used a documentary method based on the Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension. Results: All recommendations include two main strategies-healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive medicinal products.Due to the recommendations of ESC and ESH to the patients must be prescribed ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists and thiazide diuretics. For optimal effectiveness of the therapy, most of the patients receive a combination of two classes of antihypertensive drugs combined in one dosage form. Acceptable combinations are ACE inhibitor or AR blocker with calcium antagonist or thiazide diuretic. Beta-blockers in combination with one of the other major classes of antihypertensive drugs are the preferred choice of treatment for specific indications. If the blood pressure is uncontrolled it`s allowed to combine three medicinal products. In rare cases are used alpha-blockers, centrally acting agents and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. Conclusion: In order to control blood pressure and reduce the severe consequences of AH is necessary a strict adherence to the European recommendations.
Keywords: arterial hypertension, contemporary approaches, treatment